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Goli otok (literal translation: "barren island") is an island off the northern Adriatic coast, located between Rab's northeastern shore and the mainland, in what is today Republic of Croatia's Primorje-Gorski Kotar county.The island is barren and uninhabited. Its northern shore is almost completely bare, while the southern one has small amounts of vegetation as well as a number of coves.Humans first took notice of the island during modern times. Throughout World War I, Austria-Hungary sent Russian prisoners of war from Eastern Front to Goli Otok.In 1949, the entire island was officially made into a high-security prison run by the authorities of Socialist Yugoslavia.
The prison inmates were forced to do heavy labor in a stone quarry, regardless of the weather conditions: in the summer it was 35-40 °C, while in the winter they were subjected to chilling bora wind. Inmates were also regularly beaten and humiliated.
The prison was shut down in 1988, and completely abandoned in 1989. Since then it has only been frequented by the occasional tourist, and some sheep-herders from Rab.
Source: Vikipedia

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Goli otok se nalazi u Velebitskom kanalu izmedu otoka Raba i obale. Od kopna je udaljen ~6 km, a od otoka Raba ~5 km. Na njemu se nalazi naselje Maslinje. Goli otok je neplodan i nema stalnih stanovnika. Sjeverni dio otoka nema vegetacije, dok na južnoj strani ima nešto malo vegetacije te i nekoliko uvala.
D do Prvog svjetskog rata na Golom otoku nije bilo nikakvih naselja, kada je Austro Ugarska napravila logor za ruske zarobljenike s istocnog bojišta. Poslije drugog svjetskog rata Socijalisticka Jugoslavija pretvorila je 1949. Goli otok u strogi zatvor gdje iskljucivo bili zatvarani politicki zatvorenici. Ovaj zatvor je bio u rukama federalne vlade sve do 1956., kada prelazi u nadležnost SR Hrvatske. Dok je bila u nadležnosti SR Hrvatske, u zatvor na Golom otoku su uglavnom smještani politicki zatvorenici, no poslije su na njemu zatvarane osobe koja su pocinila kaznena djela (krade, ubojstva...), a ponekad su bili zatvarani i maloljetni delikventi.
Zatvorenici si bili prisiljeni na teški fizicki rad u kamenolomu, bez obzira na vremenske prilike: ljeti pri visokim vrucinama kao i zimi pri hladnoj buri. Zatvorenici su bili redovito premlacivani i maltretirani od cuvara. Zatvor je prestao s radom 1988., a godinu poslije biva potpuno napušten.
Goli otok danas posjecuju turisti, te pastiri s otoka Raba koji dovoze ovce na ispašu.
Izvor: Vikipedia

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